This is the first of Honegger's three symphonic movements. He soon changed the working title "Mouvement Symphonique" and named the work according to what it was - a musical dedication to a steam locomotive (2-3-1 relates to steam locomotives' number of axles). The work premiered on 8th May, 1924, at l'Opera nationale de Paris (conducted by Serge Koussevtizky), In 1949, it was used as the theme for a same-named short film and awarded the "Palme d'or du court métrage" at the Cannes festival.